Exterior Roof Inspection
Check your roof from the ground and (if safe) from a ladder:
Look for missing, cracked, curled, or buckling shingles. Note any areas with granule loss (shingles look bald or uneven).
Uneven color can indicate algae growth, moss, or varying levels of granule loss. Dark streaks suggest biological growth.
Inspect flashing around chimneys, vents, skylights, and wall intersections. Look for rust, corrosion, gaps, or missing sealant.
Check all penetrations (vents, pipes, chimneys) for cracked boots, loose fittings, or deteriorated sealant.
Valleys (where two roof planes meet) are critical for water drainage. Look for missing granules, exposed nail heads, or sagging.
Check for excessive granules in gutters (sign of shingle wear). Ensure gutters are securely attached and draining properly.
Interior Inspection
Check your attic and interior for signs of roof problems:
Look for any spots where daylight penetrates the roof deck. This indicates holes or gaps.
Check for dark stains on the underside of the roof deck, rafters, or insulation. These indicate past or current leaks.
Look for mold or mildew growth in the attic. This suggests moisture intrusion or poor ventilation.
Wet or compressed insulation indicates water intrusion. Dry insulation should be fluffy and uniform.
Ensure soffit vents, ridge vents, or gable vents are not blocked. Proper ventilation prevents ice dams and moisture buildup.
Drainage and Gutters
Proper drainage protects your roof and home:
Gutters should be free of debris and flowing freely. Clogged gutters cause water to back up under shingles.
Downspouts should direct water at least 5 feet away from your foundation. Extend or relocate if needed.
Check for rot, peeling paint, or water damage on fascia and soffit boards. These indicate drainage problems.
How Often to Inspect
Regular inspections prevent major problems:
Have your roof inspected at least once per year, preferably in spring or fall.
After hail, wind, or heavy snow events, inspect for visible damage. Contact a professional if you notice any issues.
Inspect your roof before winter to ensure it is ready to handle snow, ice, and temperature swings.
When to Call a Professional
Contact a roofing professional if you notice:
Any active water intrusion requires immediate professional attention.
If more than 30% of your roof shows damage, replacement may be necessary.
Sagging indicates structural issues that require immediate assessment.
If your roof is 15+ years old, a professional inspection is recommended even without visible problems.
Frequently Asked Questions
How often should I have my roof inspected?
You should have your roof inspected at least once per year, and after any major storm events (hail, wind, heavy snow). Annual inspections help identify small problems before they become major repairs.
Can I inspect my roof myself?
You can perform a basic visual inspection from the ground or a ladder, but climbing onto the roof is dangerous and not recommended. Professional roofers have the training and equipment to inspect your roof safely and thoroughly.
What does a professional roof inspection include?
A professional inspection includes checking shingles, flashing, penetrations, valleys, drainage, ventilation, attic conditions, and structural components. The roofer provides a written report with recommendations.
How much does a roof inspection cost?
Many roofing professionals offer free inspections as part of their customer service. If a charge is applied, it typically ranges from $0-$450, depending on roof size and accessibility.